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The term messaging refers to technology that lets computer systems share information without requiring either direct connections or awareness of each other's location. Messaging is also sometimes known as message-oriented middleware, or simply middleware

Messaging is analogous to postal and shipping services. Just as you would hand your letters or packages to a carrier and trust that they will get to where you want them to go, so it is with messaging—your applications hand off information to a messaging system that routes it to whatever other applications you’ve said you want it to get to.

At its most basic, messaging consists of the following:
- publisher: the entity that sends or publishes the message (also called a producer
- message: what the publisher wants to say to the subscriber. Messages often contain events, but can also carry queries, commands, and other information.
- subscriber: the ultimate receiver of the message (also called a consumer)